Salmon with Caper Berries, Vermouth & Apricot Preserve

Serves 4

When it comes to heart healthy Omega-3s, not all fish are created equal. Salmon remains one of the the best source of these heart healthy fatty acids. Lighter, whiter fish like sole, flounder and cod have substantially less. Even then, different types of salmon can deliver significantly different amounts. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, some types can deliver nearly twice as much omega-3s as others:

Atlantic, farmed: 2.5g
Atlantic, wild: 2.1g
Chinook: 2.0g
Coho: 1.5g
Sockeye: 1.4
USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory Database, Release 18

The cooking method also can substantially alter the Omega-3 content. If you broil or grill, you are likely to lose more of the Omega-3s than if you poach. There are two reasons here. First, when grilling or broiling, more of the Omega-3 will drain out of the fish. Moreover, in poaching, the broth is typically consumed. Any Omega-3s that do drain out of the fish are still eaten. The lower cooking temperatures associated with poaching also preserve the benefits of the Omega-3s.

There are terrific poaching recipes, but if you prefer the taste and texture of the broiled salmon, here is a Kardea Gourmet recipe that blends the great taste of broiling with the benefits of poaching.

2.0 Pounds Salmon Filet (skin on)
½ Cup Dry Vermouth (or White Wine)
2 Tablespoons Apricot Preserve
12 Caper Berries (or 2 teaspoons of capers)

In your oven, heat a heavy pan under the broiler. When the heavy pan is hot, place in the salmon with the skin side down. After 3-4 minutes under the broiler, turn oven to 325 degree.

While fish is broilng, heat vermouth in a sauce pan and then stir in the apricot perserve. Pour vermouth/apricot mixture over fish when you reduce the oven heat. Bake uncovered for 5 minutes. Add caper berries and cover. Bake fish until done, typically another 7-8 minutes depending on the thickness of the fillet. Serve with Kardea's wholesome barley pilaf--great for soaking up the sauce---and a wilted spinach.

Walnut Basil Pesto -- Lighter, Healthier

We grow a variety of herbs ---oregano, parsley, rosemary and basil-- in the Kardea garden. The oregano and rosemary retain wonderful flavors when they are dried, but the parsley and basil lose their zest. Pesto offers a great way to enjoy these herbs. The pesto also freezes well and can be enjoyed throughout the winter.

We have refined a standard pesto recipe to improve its heart healthy qualities. Sauteed walnuts replace the parmesan cheese, reducing both the sodium and saturated fat levels. The walnuts are a good source of L-arginine and ALA omega-3 fatty acids. Both these nutrients have been found to improve arterial function and blood flow. Moreover, the walnuts help maintain the great pesto consistence.

Both the basil and the parsley are a good source of anti-oxidants, particularly beta-carotene. Fatty acid ratio is a healthy 4:2:1 of monounsaturated: polyunsaturated: saturated.

Use over your favorite pasta or on sandwiches. A small dollop also can be used when serving a hearty soup.

Ingredients
4 Cups Fresh Basil Leaves, loosely packed
1 Cup Fresh Parsley, loosely packed
1 Cup Walnut
2/3 Cup Extra Virgin Olive Oil
4 Large Cloves Garlic, Chopped

Heat a pan over low heat. When hot, add 1/3 cups of olive oil, 3 cloves of chopped garlic and all the walnuts. Sautee 3-4 minute or until garlic is soft but not browned. Set aside and let cool.

In a food processor, add the second 1/3 cup of olive oil, the basil, the parsley and 1 clove of the fresh, chopped garlic. Blend with the sautéed walnuts.

Makes about 2 cups pesto. To freeze, place about .5 cup (enough for about a pound of pasta) in a small container. Cover with a thin coat of olive oil and freeze.

Admittedly, when serving with pasta, a bit of parmesan cheese brightens the dish, but keep it to a sprinkle. You will find that this pesto dish is far lighter than some of the more traditional pesto recipes.

Roasted Tuna with Rosemary

Carving a roast at the table kicks off a great social meal. For heart health and cholesterol management, we have replaced the beef or pork tenderloin with tuna–a 3-4 pound filet.
You may be able to find this filet at your local grocery, but it is more likely that you will need to go to a fish store or upscale food market. Be prepared. They likely will ask what you are planning on making with this large chunk of fish.

Like any good roast, this tuna not only anchors a festive meal, but it also makes great sandwiches the next day.

3-4 Lbs Tuna (skinned whole filet, not steaks)
½ Fennel Bulb, chopped (optional)
2 Cloves Garlic, chopped (optional)
1 Teaspoon Kosher or Sea Salt (optional)

Marinade
½ Cup Olive Oil
1 Juice of a Medium Lemon
½ Cup White Wine preferably one that is not too dry.
2 Teaspoons Rosemary

Combine ingredients for the marinade and pour over tuna. Let stand in covered bowl outside the refrigerator for about 1 hour.

If you decide to use the fennel, prepare while the tuna is marinating. Beyond its lovely flavor, the fennel serves as a moist bed on which the tuna sits while roasting.

Heat a pan on medium heat and then add about 1/4 cup of the marinated, chopped garlic and fennel. Cover and cook until the fennel is tender, stirring occassionally (about 15 minutes). Remove from heat.

Preheat oven to 350 degrees.

Heat a large, heavy pan and coat hot pan with olive oil. Brown the tuna on all sides. If you opted to use the fennel, remove the tuna and place the sauted fennel on bottom of pan. Place the tuna on this bed of fennel . Pour the remaining marinade over the tuna and sprinkle salt. Cover and place in preheated oven. Roast for about 20-25 minutes. Remove from oven. Let this rest for about 5-10 minutes. Bring to the table. You are now ready to slice this tuna into meaty slices, serving medium-rare to medium slices. Spoon over gravy from pan.

Serves 6-8

Nutritional Profile Per 6 ounce Serving:Total Calories: 270Total Fat: Fatty Acid Profile: 7g mono, 2.5g poly, 2.5g saturated, 0g trans; Protein: 34g ; Cholesterol: 55mg; Carbohydrates: 1g; Total Fiber: 0g Soluble Fiber: 0g; Plant Sterols: 250mg (.25g) if using Kardea sterol-fortified olive oil; Omega-3s: 1.7g (Bluefin) Magnesium 20% Recommended Daily Intake (RDI)

Serve with a barley pilaf to enhance cholesterol-lowering benefits.

And if you have leftover, serve cold on a crusty roll with a slice of tomato, a few diced capers, a drizzel of olive oil & bit of dijon mustard.

Sea Scallop with Vermouth & Lemon Zest

Matt Burg, a good friend, fellow foodie, and a lead Columbia University researcher in the relationships among stress, high blood pressure and heart attacks, and I were walking the trails of a Connecticut state park. I relayed to him a scallop dish that we had served the night before. Matt said he shied away from scallops because of the amount of butter (high in cholesterol-raising saturated fats) that he thought needed to be used to make a great scallop dish. This recipe will dispel him of such a belief. One serving not only provides a delicious protein, but it also delivers about 400mg of Omega-3s.

16 Large Sea Scallops
½ Cup Dry Vermouth
½ Teaspoon Fennel Seed, chopped fine
2 Teaspoons Lemon Zest, chopped coarse
1 Tablespoon Olive Oil
1/4 Cup Fresh Parsley, chopped coarse

On a medium setting, heat a pan large enough to place all the scallops on the bottom with some space between each. When hot, coat bottom with olive oil. Add vermouth and scallops. Cover for 3 minutes. Remove from heat and add lemon zest. Cover for another 1 minute. Add fresh parsley and serve.

Shellfish, Mediterranean Diet & Cholesterol

Open any book on the heart-healthy mediterranean diet and you are likely to see recipes celebrating all sorts of shellfish.

While all shellfish, particularly shrimp, are a source of dietary cholesterol, many also deliver significant levels of Omega-3s. Mussels, for instance, deliver more of these heart-healthy fatty acids than many fin fish, and deliver an amount equivalent to a swordfish or albacore tuna. Oysters provide even higher levels.

Shellfish also are low in fat–only 10% in shrimp, about 20% in mussels and oysters. Enjoy grilled shrimp, mussels marinara, clams with linguine, or sauted scall0ps as exciting alternatives to red meats typically higher in the unhealthy saturated fats. Scallops and shrimp also freeze well. Store a few pounds of each in the freezer for a quick and delicious meal. Canned clams can awake a mid-week pasta dish and deliver an significant level of Omega-3s. Even fresh mussels, clams or oysters can be stored in your refrigerator for a few days—but remember, do not store in an air-tight bag. These mollusks need to breath until cooked.

Overall, the benefits of shellfish consumption — particularly to the extent that they enable you to dramatically reduce the consumption of higher saturated fats in red meats and dairy products and increase the weekly intake of Omega-3s from marine sources—outweighs the cholesterol. Remember: most of the cholesterol in our bodies is produced by our bodies. It does not come from the food we eat. Further, look to pair your shellfish with foods high in plant sterols and selected soluble fibers to block cholesterol absorption into the blood stream.

Omega-3s & Heart Health: Strong Science Supports Broad Recommendations

Broad medical recommendations, like those now advanced by the American Heart Association (AHA) and National Cholesterol Education Program, come only after extensive research has confirmed usefulness. Multiple types of research are used. Epidemiologic studies compare the difference in disease and diet across groups of people. Experimental studies assess the role of a nutrient or medication in laboratory animals. Clinical studies assess the impact when given to a test group of people. This impact is compared to a “control” group not taking the nutrient or medicine.

Omega-3s from fish oils have been subject to all types of studies, and the benefits associated with cardiovascular health and disease prevention have been consistently shown. As a result, leading medical organizations now recommend Omega-3s from fish oil for cardiovascular health. The recommendations include:

• 500mg/day of Omega-3s from fish oil for adults that have not been diagnosed with coronary artery disease.


• 1000mg (1g)/day for adults that have been shown to have coronary artery disease.


• 3000mg-4000mg (3-4g)/ day for adults with highly elevated triglycerides.

Omega-3s are not associated with reductions in LDL (bad) cholesterol levels. Yet, cholesterol alone is only part of the cause of heart disease. A number of other factors can determine the damage that cholesterol can do. Omega-3s appear to favorably affect these factors including decreased blood pressure, reduced inflammation that leads to plaque formation, and the stabilization of existing plaque.

How significant is the impact on Omega-3s? Studies have indicated as much as a 18-20% reduction in a cardiovascular event such as a heart attack for healthy adult. For those with a history of heart disease, the impact has been shown at least as significant, and perhaps higher.

Omega-3s from fish oil represent an important component of an integrated and comprehensive nutritional approach to cardiovascular health. Other broad recommendations include the consumption of 10+ grams/day of selected soluble fibers such as those from oats, beans, barley and psyllium, 2 grams/day of plant sterols, and diet that restricts saturated fats, trans fats and dietary cholesterol. Click here for more information on nutritional and natural cholesterol management.

Link to report on Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease in Circulation Journal of the American Heart Association, 2002.

"Cholesterol Drug Bombs"-New York Times Editorial Misses Opportunity

Yesterday, the New York Times editorial board wrote "there have long been suspicions, but it was still very disturbing to learn this week that a heavily promoted cholesterol-lowering drug had flunked a clinical trial of its effectiveness in reducing fatty deposits in arteries....The drug, Zetia, and a combination pill that contains it, Vytorin...generated more than $5 billion in sales last year."

You probably know the ads for Vytorin. They have run on T.V., in magazines and on-line. They certainly are clever, creative and very expensive. According to Nielsen Monitor-Plus, in 2006 the companies spent $136.3 million to advertise Vytorin and $115 million from January to October of 2007.

Vytorin combines Zocor, a statin produced by Merck (and also marketed by generic drug manufactures and sold at lower prices) with the Schering-Plough's Zetia. Statins work by reducing the production of cholesterol in the liver. Zetia works to reduce the absorption of dietary and liver-produced cholesterol from the intestines into the blood stream.

The study compared the effects of treating patients with Vytorin, the combination drug, with a statin alone. The patients all had abnormally high LDL cholesterol. In the study, LDL cholesterol was reduced more significantly by Vytorin than with the statin alone. These results are consistent with the results of a number of other studies.


It also was hypothesized that the added cholesterol-lowering effect of Vytorin would lead to a more significant reduction of arterial plaque growth. This relationship did not hold. The lower cholesterol achieved by the Vytorin did not yield a reduction in plaque build-up as compared to the statin only. In fact, the Vytorin group was found to have a more rapid development of plaque than the statin-only group.

The Times reports that these companies had been “cynically sitting on the results for more than a year” while spending hundreds of millions of dollars to convince consumers that the Vytorin is a preferred cholesterol drug. This certainly is a very legitimate criticism.

The Times continued that "the findings also raise doubts about the current belief that lowering cholesterol is the key to cardiovascular health. The study showed that Vytorin reduced bad cholesterol significantly more than Zocor alone. The problem was that it failed to reduce the formation of plaque."


And here is perhaps were the Times should have been somewhat more careful. This study now represents a single set of data among a sea of data that concludes lower LDL cholesterol lowers the risks of heart attacks and strokes. Numerous studies also indicate that LDL cholesterol above 100mg/dl will lead to the development of arterial plaque.

Instead of casting doubt on the general wisdom of cholesterol management, the Times would have served the public well by offseting the barrage of pharmaceutical advertising and reinforce the well-documented science regarding natural alternatives to cholesterol management. An extensive NIH report (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/chol/chol_tlc.htm), for instance, concludes that the "amount of LDL reduction from Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes compares well with many of the cholesterol-lowering drugs." Among the recommendations are the consumption of certain positive nutrients such as plant sterols, soluble fibers, monounsaturated fats in place of saturated and trans fats, and Omega-3s. Needless to say, weight management and exercise is part of the NIH recommendations.

For more information on natural cholesterol management nutritients: http://www.kardeanutrition.com/cholesterol/program.aspx